JSC “Atomstroyexport” was established on March 25, 1998 by two large Russian organizations carrying out nuclear power plant construction abroad: JSC “Atomenergoexport” and VPO “Zarubezhatomenergostroy”. These companies had been operating for 25 years and had gained a great deal of experience working with international cooperation. Their main activity in the 1970s-1980s was implementing intergovernmental agreements on rendering assistance to Eastern European and other countries in nuclear power engineering development. Nearly thirty nuclear power plant power units and ten scientific nuclear research centers had been constructed.

After becoming the only Russian company in the world specializing in the nuclear power plant construction market Atomstroyexport started arranging its work under new conditions. The change to a market system demanded focusing on results: the competitive ability of Russian nuclear technologies had to be proven and perspectives for their expansion abroad demonstrated. In the first ten years of its operation Atomstroyexport prepared the power base for building up its reputation and moved forward step by step.

The company had to implement contracts: to construct the Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant in China, construction work was started in 1997; to implement a turn-key contract to complete the Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant. Furthermore, in 2002 Atomstroyexport concluded a contract with the Nuclear Power Corporation of India for the construction of the Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant. Simultaneous implementation of three contracts concluded according to intergovernmental agreements signed in Soviet times presented several difficulties which were overcome successively and purposefully. The beginning of their realization coincided with the weak period in nuclear power engineering, however these very foreign projects supported enterprises in Russia’s nuclear industry, enabled them to maintain and multiply the existing potential, to prepare for the implementation of a full-scale program of Russia’s nuclear power engineering development. In autumn 2006 Atomstroyexport was awarded the tender for construction of the Belene Nuclear Power Plant. The Agreement was signed on January 18, 2008 within the framework of the official visit of the Russian President to Bulgaria.

In 2007 Units 1 and 2 of NPP "Tianwan" in China were put in commission and in September of 2009 their two-year guarantee operation was completed.

At present Russian company Atomstroyexport, affiliated with State Corporation Rosatom, constructs Bushehr NPP in Iran, Belene NPP in Bulgaria, Kudankulam NPP in India. The “road map” for development of cooperation between Russia and India in the field of power engineering presumes construction in this country of 16 more power units. Construction of the second phase of Tianwan NPP and the NPP with fast neutron reactors is being prepared in China. Construction of the first national Akkuyu NPP is being prepared in Turkey. In the Czech Republic Atomstroyexport, as part of the Consortium MIR1200, jointly with Czech ŠKODA JS a.s. and Russian JSC Experimental Design Bureau Gidropress participates in the international tender for construction of Temelin NPP units 3 and 4. Atomstroyexport JSC plans construction of the first NPPs in Belorussia and Vietnam, Metsamor NPP in Armenia. The preliminary qualification tender selection has been passed already, it is planned to participate in the tender in Egypt.

Atomstroyexport  is recognized as the best Russian  EPCM-company in the foreign markets and is awarded the National prize in the field of engineering and management of EPCM Awards projects.